THE WOODEN TABLETS FROM THE ASUKA-FUJIWARA CAPITAL SITES

English Summary

 

NARA, 2007

 

PUBLICATIONS ON HISTORICAL MATERIALS VOLUME XXXXXXXIX, SUPPLEMENTUM

 

THE WOODEN TABLETS EXCAVATED FROM THE ASUKA-FUJIWARA CAPITAL SITES I

 

English Summary

 

1. Foreword

　This report comprises the first collection of the series The Wooden Tablets from the Asuka-Fujiwara Capitals. The National Cultural Properties Research Institute, Nara, has previously published Wooden Tablets from the Fujiwara Palace, Vol. 1 and Vol. 2, reporting on the mokkan (documents in the form of wooden tablets) recovered from the Fujiwara palace site. In this newly established series on Wooden Tablets from the Asuka-Fujiwara Capitals, mokkan recovered from the Asuka region, and from the Fujiwara capital site (exclusive of the Fujiwara palace) will be reported. The current volume contains wooden tablets from the Asuka ike site, the East Asuka ike site, and the Yamadadera temple site. For the purpose of this compilation, all items containing one or more legible characters were included. Mokkan to be examined are 1,438 items (including 973 shavings) from the Asuka ike site, 1 item from the East Asuka ike site, 25 items (including 10 shavings) from the Yamadadera temple site, for a total of 1,464 items (including 983 shavings).

 

2. Features yielding mokkan

　(1) Features of Asuka ike site, southern precinct (sector 5AKA)

　The Asuka ike site derives its name from the pond named "Asuka ike" that lay southeast from Asukadera temple and north of the Sakafune ishi site in the early modern period. It is situated along a forked valley, in the shape of an inverted "Y," nestled between two ridges extending northward on its eastern and western sides, with the southern end higher and the valley opening to the north. At the approximate center of the investigated area, there were barriers damming up the valley at three different periods, dividing the site into two precincts to the north and south sides of this border. There were 327 mokkan (including 142 shavings) recovered from the southern precinct, and 7,783 (including 6,841 shavings) from the northern one, for a total of 8,110 items (including 6,983 shavings). As the entire contents of the site have been reported in Asuka ike iseki hakkutsu chosa hokokusho [Asuka ike site excavation report] (National Cultural Properties Research Institute, Nara, 2005), in this volume only a summary outline centering on features yielding mokkan will be given.

　In the southern precinct of the Asuka ike site, there is a valley fork of 20 m width extending from the southeast to the northwest (the eastern fork), and a small valley connecting with it from the southwest (the western fork), and on the slopes of the hills adjoining each fork ranged workshops with multiple hearths. On the valley floor there were thick deposits of materials discarded from these workshops, and from an examination of the artifacts recovered from these it is clear that workshops for iron, copper, gold, silver, and jewelry were in operation. The mokkan from the southern precinct consist of 314 items (including 139 shavings) recovered from the eastern fork, and 13 items (including 3 shavings) from the western fork. The age of these items is basically the latter half of the seventh century.

　In the eastern fork, these items were recovered from 11 features or locations. The majority of these were from 7 pools built in the shape of terraced rice paddies. Large quantities of waste material from the workshops were discarded in these pools, including many mokkan. Going from, downstream, towards upstream, these pools are named SX 1220, SX 1222, SX 1224, SX 1226, SX 1228, SX 1230, and SX 1231, and the mokkan recovered from each were (respectively) 187 items (including 120 shavings), 102 items (including 10 shavings), 6 items (including 1 shaving), 3 items (including 2 shavings), 4 items, 1 item, and 1 item. Pool SX 1220, where mokkan were recovered in quantity; was 18 m wide by 22 m in length, the largest in scale among the pools. The strata of its deposits are, from, the bottom, a Gray Clay Layer, Carbonized Layer 4, Carbonized Layer 3, Carbonized Layer 2, and Carbonized Layer 1, with -mokkan being recovered from all strata except for Carbonized Layer 4. Carbonized Layer 1 consists of materials re-deposited in the Heian period, but there is no problem in regarding its mokkan themselves as belonging to the latter half of the seventh century. As mokkan bearing inscribed dates, there are items for the years 677, 684, and 687.

　Other features or locations from which mokkan were recovered in the eastern fork consist of the following four items. (1) Ditch SD 1234, on the northeast flank of the valley and flowing toward the northwest, empties into pool SX 1226, and has a width of 1-2 m at its top and a depth of 0.3-0.5 m. It yielded 1 mokkan. (2) Pit SK 1241, located at the northeastern end of the bank separating pools SX 1224 and SX 1226, measures 2.3 m north-south by 1.5 m east-west, and 15 cm in depth. It held many artifacts related to the casting of Fuhonsen coins. There were 7 mokkan (including 6 shavings) recovered. (3) There was 1 mokkan recovered from the dirt fill used in preparing the site where a group of hearths ranges along the northwest flank of the valley. The dirt fill corresponds with the soil of Carbonized Layer 4 of the pool strata. (4) A Heian period humus layer at the southernmost part of the excavation area yielded 1 mokkan. This is thought to be the only item dating from the Heian period.

　From the western fork, mokkan were recovered from the following 6 features or locations, (1) A layer of black-grey clay with deposits of wood shavings, forming the slope on the south side of the eastern fence for the workshop located in the western fork, from which 5 mokkan (including 2 shavings) were recovered. (2) Soil on the perimeter of buildings SB 805 and SB 808, associated with the copper workshop at the point where the western fork joins with the eastern one, from which 4 mokkan were recovered. (3) Pool SX 761, round in shape and approximately 8 m wide east-west, which was dug into the western fork. There was 1 mokkan recovered. (4) Pit SK 770, a square feature 4.4 by 4 m, was possibly a pool. It yielded 1 mokkan. (5) Pit SK 830 was a small round hole, approximately 40 cm in diameter. There was f mokkan recovered. (6) Pit-dwelling SB

1651, which was approximately 2.9 m long east-west, was possibly a blacksmith's work place. There was 1 shaving recovered from the dirt that filled it.

 

　(2) Features of Asuka ike site, northern precinct (sector 5BAS)

　Features from the northern precinct of Asuka ike site which yielded mokkan can be divided broadly into a series of water management, facilities, continuing from pool SX 1220 of the southern precinct, and all other features. For the water management facilities, there were 4,869 mokkan (including 4,194 shavings) recovered from features at the following seven places. (1) Ditch SD 1130 was a drainage facility that functioned temporarily during the process of work to fill in the central portion of the valley, and measures 6-7.5 m in width and 0.6 m in depth. It yielded 3,316 mokkan (including 2,880 shavings), and there are inscriptions of dates corresponding to the years 670, 676, and 677. There is also a possibility for 678, although this is not definite. (2) Ditch SD 1108, obliquely linking pool SX 1220 and ditch SD 1110, to be described later, is 1.2-2 m in width and 0.5 m deep. There were 225 mokkan (including 203 shavings) recovered, and a date corresponding to the year 679 is seen among them. (3) Ditch SD 1109, resulting from repairs done on ditch SD 1108, directly connects pool SX 1220 and ditch SD 1110. It is approximately 1 m wide. There were 5 mokkan (including 1 shaving) recovered. (4) Ditch SD 1110, which connects with the stone-lined square pond SG 1100, to be described below, is 35 m in overall length, and its upstream end is 3 m wide and 1 in deep. Centering on the layer of wooden shavings at the ditch's bottom, there were 1,267 -mokkan (including 1,073 shavings) recovered, and a date corresponding to the year 677 is seen among them. (5) While the precise provenance is unclear, there are 43 items (including 35 shavings) thought to have been yielded by either of two ditches noted above, SD 1110 or SD 1130. (6) Ditch SD 1103femptied into pond SG 1100 after ditch SD 1110 had been filled in, and is 3 m wide at its top, with a depth reaching 0.9 m at its greatest point. There were 2 mokkan (including 1 shaving) recovered. (7) Stone-lined square pond SG 1100 measures 8.6 m north-south by 7.9 m east-west, and its greatest depth is 1.5 m. There were 11 mokkan (including 1 shaving) recovered.

　Next, other features and locations yielding mokkan totaled 18 places, with 2,914 items (including 2,647 shavings) recovered. The vast majority were from pit SK 1153, located east of ditch SD 1110, and from pit SK 1126, located west of the ditch. Pit SK 1153 is 5.2 m east-west by 4 m north-south, and 1.7 m deep. Its contents divide broadly into three strata, with 2,174 mokkan (including 2,080 shavings) recovered mainly from the upper layer of wood shavings. A date corresponding to the year 698 was among them. Pit SK 1126 is 6.5 m east-west by 4 m north-south, and 1.4 m deep. It divides broadly into three strata, with 689 mokkan (including 547 shavings) recovered mainly from the central layer. While a date corresponding to the year 698 was found, judging from the expressions used for regional administrative districts, mokkan from the early part of the eighth century are also included.

　The remaining 16 places can be grouped as follows. (1) There are a large number of pits in the vicinity of stone-lined square pond SG 1100, among which 6 (SK 1128, SK 1806, SK 1811, SK 1818, SK 1819, SK 1821) yielded 20 mokkan. Many of these came from pit SK 1128, located at the southwest corner of pond SG 1100 and measuring 4.8 m east-west by 4 m north-south, and 1.3 m deep. There were 9 mokkan recovered from the fill in the pit's lower strata. (2) In an examination of the valley made by sectioning it east-west, there was 1 mokkan recovered from a dark gray clay stratum older than ditch SD 1173, which included pottery from the mid seventh century. This layer of soil, 0.5-0.6 m thick, had been used to give a level fill over the old river bed (which contained small amounts of Sue ware of the latter third of the fifth century), some 30 m in width, that followed the valley floor. But since the mokkan was recovered during an examination made by sectioning, the possibility remains that it was an artifact that had mixed in from ditch SD 1173 in the upper strata. (3) There was 1 mokkan recovered from an old water way, SD 1173, in the strata, beneath the fill used for preparing the site in the latter half of the seventh century. This old water way flowed above the dark gray clay stratum mentioned above, and varied in depth from 0.4-4.1 m. Pottery of the mid seventh century was found, along with roof tiles, wooden implements, lacquer ware, a bellows nozzle, etc. (4) There was 1 mokkan recovered from ditch SD 1112, a large east-west ditch of approximately 6 m width and 1.2 m deep. To its immediate north flowed a large east-west ditch of the medieval period, SD 1127, and their lower reaches nearly merge. But the mokkan itself is most likely from the end of the seventh century. (5) Ditch SD 1113 intersects at right angles with large north-south ditch SD 1130, and is a newer feature running east-west. Its width is 0.5-0.6 m, and its depth is 0.25 m. There was 1 mokkan recovered. (6) Pit SK 1148 is a circular hole 1.3 m in diameter, and approximately 0.9 m deep. It yielded 1 mokkan. (7) Well SE 1090 was provided with a drainage ditch and a stone paving on its perimeter, and had a two-tiered well shaft frame with a square upper and a round lower portion. The square upper portion was made of boards reutilized from the doors of a building. One of these, used on the western side, was seen to bear characters and drawings. The drawings and characters followed the direction of the grain of the wood as it would have been used for vertical planking, and thus are thought not to belong to the stage when it was used as horizontal planking for the well, but when it was used as vertical planking of a door. Another member of the square upper portion of the well shaft frame was found by dendrochronological dating to have been felled close to the year 700. (8) There was 1 mokkan recovered from a post hole in the northeast corner of east-west building SB 1155, a structure 3 bays (6 m) long in the direction of the ridge and 2 bays (3.6 m) long transversely. (9) There was 1 mokkan recovered from the artifact-bearing layer among the upper strata of the east-west barriers dividing the Asuka ike site into northern and southern precincts, and 2 mokkan recovered from the artifact-bearing layer in the vicinity of the stone-lined square pond SG 1100. (10) There were 21 mokkan (including 20 shavings) of unknown provenance.

 

　(3) Features of East Asuka ike site (sector 5AME)

　East Asuka ike site is located immediately east of Asuka ike site. A water way, SD 1700, and multiple embedded-pillar buildings and fences, etc., have been found, which are reported in detail in Asuka ike iseki hakkutsu chosa hokokusho [Asuka ike site excavation report] (National Cultural Properties Research Institute, Nara, 2005). Among these, 3 mokkan were recovered from the lowermost strata of water way SD 1700, which reaches 6-8 m in width. Going from the Sakafune ishi site and passing along the eastern edge of the precinct of Asukadera temple, water way SD 1700 is inferred to have passed west of the abandoned temple site at Okuyama and to have extended to Kaguyama, and the possibility that this was the "Taburekokoro no mizo [Canal of madness]," mentioned in the Nihon shoki chapter for Empress Saimei, has been pointed out.

 

　(4) Features of Yamadadera temple site (sector 5BYD)

　Yamadadera is an ancient period temple located on the western foothills of the mountains bounding Asuka on the east, near the Abe Yamada road leading obliquely from Asuka toward the Kamitsu road. Its construction was begun in the year 641, and the temple continued to be utilized until the Heian period. The temple compound at Yamadadera had the format of pagoda, main hall, and lecture hall lined up north-south, with the cloister extending from the middle gate encircling the pagoda and main hall, and the outer wall extending from the southern gate enclosing the lecture hall. The entire scope of the site is given in Yamadadera ato hakkutsu chosa hokokusho [Yamadadera temple site excavation report] (National Cultural Properties Research Institute, Nara, 2002).

　Features yielding mokkan can be largely divided into those preceding the construction of Yamadadera, and those related to the temple. For the former, there were 48 mokkan (including 41 shavings) recovered from the ditch SD 619 located to the south of the temple's southern gate. This ditch lies in strata below that of the time of construction of Yamadadera, and is more than 4.4 m in width, and 1.5 m deep. There was 0.4 m of soil deposited in the ditch, above which it was filled in with 1.1 m of dirt used to prepare the site. The 48 mokkan were from the soil deposited in the ditch. As the establishment of Yamadadera dates to the year 641, these mokkan are from the first half of the seventh century, prior to that event.

　As for mokkan related to Yamadadera itself, 63 items (including 43 shavings) were recovered from a total of 8 features and locations, grouped as follows, (1) There were 2 mokkan recovered from the gravel paving, which includes tenth century pottery, spreading east of the pagoda. (2) There were 2 shavings recovered from the lower surface of a burned soil layer in the vicinity of the southeast corner of the south side of the main hall, (3) The north-south stone-lined ditch SD531, located about 5 m east of the eastern face of the outer wall, measured 0.8 m in width at its bottom, was between 0.6-0.9 m deep, and is thought to have been built in the latter half of the seventh century, and buried in the middle of eighth. It yielded 2 mokkan. (4) There was 1 scroll axle, inscribed with Yamadadera's Buddhist name "Jodoji," recovered from a layer of dark gray sandy soil east from the eastern face of the outer wall. The dark gray sandy soil came from the landslide that caused the destruction of the eastern side of the cloister, and contains pottery from the first, half of the eleventh century. (5) The treasure hall, SB 660, located on the eastern side of the northeast corner of the cloister, was a building with pillars standing on foundation stones, having 3 bays (6 m) north-south and 3 bays (approximately 5 m) east-west. It is thought, to have been built in latter half of the seventh century, and after being repaired in the mid ninth century, collapsed in the eleventh. Mokkan believed to have been dispersed by the collapse were recovered from three locations. The first was atop the upper surface of the podium, yielding 1 mokkan; the second was the western rain gutter SD 664B, yielding 6 mokkan; the third was the black-gray clayey soil in the vicinity of the treasure hall, yielding 1 mokkan. Rain gutter SD 664B is 1.4 m wide, and 0.2 m deep.

 

　3. Mokkan and workshops of the southern precinct of Asuka ike site

　Mokkan recovered from the southern precinct have contents intimately related to the activites of the workshops spreading over this area. The Asuka ike workshops divide into those of the middle decades of the seventh century and those from the latter part of the century, and the mokkan reveal the actual state of activities for the latter. The period in which the workshops were in full-scale operation is thought to be the interval from the year 678 until the relocation of the capital from Asuka to Fujiwara in 694. It is evident archaeologically that the manufacture of every sort of product was conducted, but mokkan related to the production of iron items are by far the most plentiful, followed by those related to copper working. There are but a handful that relate to the production of gold and silver items, glass objects, precious stones, and other products. This is largely because of the distribution of the various workshops, but may also reflect differences in production levels. There was a great variety of figures who commissioned work, with a high proportion of these being emperors and members of the imperial house. 'Many artisans were immigrants belonging to various Yamato no Aya groups, and are considered to have been artisans who served the Soga clan and Asukadera temple until the coup d'etat of 645 (Isshi incident). In addition, iron technicians from Kaya county in the ancient province of Bitchu, and copper technicians from Yu county in the ancient province of Iyo, apparently came to the Asuka ike workshops. While there are various theories on the nature of the Asuka ike workshops, it is necessary to understand them as a complex that integrated a variety of aspects, such as that of court workshop related to the imperial household, government workshop, workshop serving Asukadera temple, and so forth.

 

　4. Mokkan of the northern precinct of Asuka ike site and Asukadera, Zen'in

　Mokkan recovered from the northern precinct have contents intimately related to Asukadera temple and Zen'in. The latter is a subsidiary temple of Asukadera, founded by the priest Dosho. The mokkan are from all periods ranging from the latter half of the seventh to the beginning of the eighth centuries. The names of numerous priests and sutras can be discerned from them, and there are many mokkan related to the management of temple finances. As there are a number of items, among the mokkan from the northern precinct, addressed to the sango, the triumvirate of officers in charge of temple administration plus the organization of the monks, it is possible that a sango mandokoro (office) was located within the precinct. This office was probably overseen by the sango plus Dosho (or by Zen'in as Dosho's organizational proxy), and managed the temple finances of Asukadera as a whole. Zen'in and Asukadera itself relocated to the Nara capital in 711 and 718, respectively. The cloister that remained in Asuka continued in existence as a regional temple that called itself Mo to Gankoji, but there are no subsequent mokkan indicating its activities.

 

CONTENTS

General Text

　Chapter I Introduction

　Chapter II Archaeological features yielding mokkan

　　1) Features of Asuka ike site, southern precinct

　　2) Features of Asuka ike site, northern precinct

　　3) Features of East Asuka ike site

　　4) Features of Yamadadera temple site

　Chapter III Mokkan and workshops of the southern precinct of Asuka ike site

　Chapter IV Mokkan of the northern precinct of Asuka ike site and Asukadera, Zen'in.

Transcriptions

　Asuka ike site, southern precinct

　Pool SX 1220, pool SX 1222, pool SX 1224, pool SX 1226, pool SX 1228, pool SX 1230, pool SX 1231, ditch SD 1234, pit SK 1241, dirt fill from the site of a group of hearths, humus layer (Heian period deposit), clay and black ash layer with wood shavings deposits, soil of the perimeter of copper workshop buildings SB 805 and SB 808, pool SX 761, pit SK 770, pit SK 830, pit-dwelling SB 1651.

　Asuka ike site, northern precinct

　Ditch SD 1130, ditch SD 1108, ditch SD 1109, ditch SD 1110, ditch SD 1110 or SD 1130, ditch SD 1103, stone-lined square pond SG 1100, pit SK 1153, pit SK 1126, pit SK 1128, pit SK 1806, pit, SK 1811, pit SK 1818, pit SK 1819, pit SK 1821, dark gray clay layer, old water way SD 1173, ditch SD 1112, ditch SD 1113, pit SK 1148, well SE 1090, east-west building SB 1155, artifact-bearing layer.

　East, Asuka ike site

　Ditch SD 1700

Yamadadera temple site

　Ditch SD 619, gravel paving, underside o f burned soil layer, stone-lined ditch SD 531, dark gray sandy soil layer, upper surface of treasure hall SB 660 podium, ditch SD 664B, black-gray clayey soil.

Table of correspondences for mokkan nos. and plates, with nos. in former reports

Index

English table of contents

English summary

 

Illustrations

1 Map of the Asuka region

2 Map of the Fujiwara capital

3 Features yielding mokkan at the Asuka ike site

4 Numbers of mokkan per sub-precinct of the Asuka ike site

5 Excavation of carbonized layer (SX 1222)

6 Features of the eastern valley fork, southern precinct

7 Fuhonsen coins cast in the southern precinct

8 Features of the western valley fork, southern precinct

9 Features of the northern precinct

10 Features of Asuka Fujiwara excavation no. 84 (SD 1130, SA 1120, SD 1110, SK 1153)

11 Perspective drawing of well SE 1090

12 Cross-section of water way SD 1700

13 Features yielding mokkan at the Yamadadera temple site

14 Yamadadera temple site excavation no. 7

15 Yamadadera temple site excavation no. 4

16 Yamadadera temple site excavation no. 8

17 Various sample products

18 Ink-inscribed pottery recovered from the Asuka ike site

 

Tables

1 Numbers of mokkan from the Asuka ike site

2 Numbers of mokkan from the Yamadadera temple site

 

PLATES

No. Feature         Type                                  Particulars                          Tablet No(s)

1) SX 1220          Document, fragment         Zenpaku (前白, used in statements addressed to a superior), Sanuki no miya（散支宮）                  1, 3

2) SX 1220          Document, fragment, etc                Nail, artist (eshi 画師), etc              2, 4-11

3) SX 1220          Product model, baggage tally, etc                Nail, bar (kannuki kanagu 閂金具), Wakasa（若狭）, Oki（隠岐） 12-19

4) SX 1220          Baggage tally                    Bitchu （備中）, etc          20, 22-24, 29

5) SX 1220          Baggage tally, tag             Bitchu, etc                        21, 25-28

6) SX 1220          Practice calligraphy, fragment                                     30-35

7) SX 1220          Shaving                                                                        36-62

8) SX 1222          Document, etc                  Mikotonori (詔, inperial decree), Oku no miko no miya （大伯皇子宮）, Hozumi no miko （穂積皇子）, Ishikawa no miya （石川宮）, etc           63-68

9) SX 1222          Document, etc                  Itemized list, white tin, nail, etc      69-75

10) SX 1222        Document                          Itemized list, nail, etc        76-83

11) SX 1222        Tag, etc                                                                       84-90

12) SX 1222        Product model, etc           Nail, chisel, etc                  91-98

13) SX 1222        Wooden implement, etc                                              99-104

14) SX 1222        Baggage tally      Wakasa, Harima （播磨）, Bitchu, Iyo （伊予）, etc  105-112

15) SX 1222        Baggage tally                    Iron, etc                                          113-119

16) SX 1222        Fragment, practice calligraphy, shaving                      120-131

17) SX 1224, SX 1226, SX 1228, SK 1241                  Baggage tally, practice calligraphy, fragment, shaving              Wakasa, Oki        132-136, 139, 143

18) SX 1228, SX 1230, SX 1231     Baggage tally, incised document, fragment                Etchu （越中）, etc                         137, 138, 140, 141

19) SD 1234, dirt fill for hearth group, etc                  Practice calligraphy, document, baggage tally, tag, shaving, etc              Iyo, etc                142, 144, 145, 147-152, 155. 156

20) SX 761, SK770, etc     Document, baggage tally, tag        Silver, etc            146, 153, 154

21) SD 1130        Document.                        Kei (啓, used in statements addressed to subordinates), etc    157, 159, 162, 163, 165, 166

22) SD 1130        Document                          Zenpaku, etc                     158, 160, 161, 164, 167, 168

23) SD 1130        Document                          Itemized list                       169-171, 176

24) SD 1130        Document, fragment         Itemized list                       172-175, 177-180

25) SD 1130        Document, etc                  Monk names, temple names, etc    181-186

26) SD 1130        Fragment, baggage tally   Owari（尾張）, Mino（美濃）           187-193

27) SD 1130        Baggage tally                    Tanba （丹波）, Tango （丹後）, Oki, Kii （紀伊）, Awa （阿波）                       194-198

28) SD 1130        Baggage tally                    Tomokuko (湯沐戸, households contributing to the living expenses of imperial family members), etc                      190-204

29) SD 1130        Baggage tally                                                              205-210

30) SD 1130        Tag                                    Silver, etc                          211-216

31) SD 1130        Tag                                    Cover for a Bodhisattva image, etc 217-225

32) SD 1130        Tag                                    Seaweed, etc                    226-231, 239-243

33) SD 1130        Tag                                    Dates, scripture house key (kyozo no kagi 経蔵鎰)                   232-238

34) SD 1130        Practice calligraphy           Emperor, Kanzeon sutra, Analects (of Confucius) （論語）, Qianziwen, etc              244-246, 250, 252, 253, 257

35) SD 1130        Practice calligraphy           Qianziwen, Chinese poetry,etc       247-249, 258, 269

36) SD 1130        Practice calligraphy           Test of priests' religious understanding, etc  251, 254-256, 259-261, 272

37) SD 1130        Practice calligraphy                                                     262-268

38) SD 1130        Practice calligraphy, transverse writing                       270, 271, 273-279

39) SD 1130        Wooden implement, incised document, etc                280-282, 284-288

40) SD 1130        Wooden implement, fragment                                    283, 289-293, 295, 296, 303, 306

41) SD 1130        Fragment, shaving                                                       294, 297-302, 304, 305, 307-314

42) SD 1130        Shaving                              Zenpaku, comodities list, etc          315-342

43) SD 1130        Shaving                              Commodities list, numbers, etc       343-382

44) SD 1130        Shaving                              Numbers of persons, dates, etc      383-426

45) SD 1130        Shaving                              Numbers, etc                     427-473

46) SD 1130        Shaving                            Numbers, identifying marks for architectural members, practice calligraphy, etc         474-515

47) SD 1130        Shaving                              Practice calligraphy, etc    516-555

48) SD 1130        Shaving                                                                        556-592

49) SD 1130        Shaving                                                                        593-642

50) SD 1130, SD 1108, SD 1109     Shaving, document, tag, practice calligraphy             643-668, 704

51) SD 1108        Shaving                              Imperial decree, etc          669-703

52) SD 1110        Document                          Zenpaku, kei, etc              705-709

53) SD 1110        Document                          Itemized list                       710-715

54) SD 1110        Document                          Tashin sutra, etc                716-720

55) SD 1110        Baggage tally, tag             Mino, etc                           721-729

56) SD 1110        Practice calligraphy                                                     730-736

57) SD 3110        Practice calligraphy           Asuka, etc                         737-742

58) SD 1110        Practice calligraphy, etc                                              743-747

59) SD 1110        Fragment, ink drawing                                                748-758

60) SD 1110        Shaving                              Itemized list, etc                759-798

61) SD 1110        Shaving                              Dates, numbers, etc          799-842

62) SD 1110        Shaving                              Practice calligraphy, etc    843-871

63) SD 1110        Shaving                                                                        872-919

64) SD 1110, SD 1103, SG 1130    Baggage tally, shaving, practice calligraphy, etc                      920-93.2, 935-938

65) SG 1130        Practice calligraphy                                                     933, 934

66) SK 1153        Document            Zenpaku, etc                                   939, 940, 944

67) SIC 1153       Document, baggage tally                Asukadera temple （飛鳥寺）, Harima, etc   941-943, 945-951

68) SK 1153        Practice calligraphy           Qianziwen, Analects, Kanroku （観勒）, etc               952-961

69) SK 1153        Practice calligraphy fragment                                      962-973

70) SKI 153         Shaving                              Itemized list                       974-1004

71) SK 1153        Shaving                             Numbers, personal names, dates, etc          1005-1046

72) SK 1153        Shaving                             Dates, numbers, etc          1047-1091

73) SK 1153        Shaving                             Zen'in, etc                         1092-1137

74) SK 1153        Shaving                             Practice calligraphy, etc    1138-1175

75) SK 1153        Shaving                             Practice calligraphy, etc    1176-1207

76) SK 1153        Shaving                                                                        1208-1240

77) SK 1153        Shaving                                                                        1241-1294

78) SK 1126        Document, baggage tally, tag        Zenpaku, Totomi （遠江）, etc       1295-1306

79) SK 1126        Baggage tally                    Harima                               1308-1313

80) SK 1126        Baggage tally, practice calligraphy, etc        Echizen （越前）, character dictionary, etc  1307, 1314-1321

81) SK 1126        Practice calligraphy, etc                                              1322-1334

82) SK 1126        Practice calligraphy, etc                                              1335-1338

83) SK 1126        Fragment                                                                     1339-1351

84) SK 1126        Shaving                              Itemized list, etc                1352-1387

85) SK 1126        Shaving                              Practice calligraphy, etc    1388-1417

86) SK 1126        Document, etc    Sei (請, a term used in state merits of request), etc   1418-1420

87) SK 1128, SK 1806, SK 1811, SK 1818                  Practice calligraphy, etc    1421-1424

88) SK 1819, SK 1821       Document, tag, etc          Zenpaku, etc       1425-1429

89) Dark grey clay layer, SD 1173, SD .1112, SD 1113            Practice calligraphy, baggage tally               Shima, etc              1430-1433

90) SK 1148, SE 1090, SB 1155, artifact-bearing layer, SD 1700          Well frame, tag, etc          1434-1439

91) SB 1090        Well frame (members) Ink drawing

92) SD 619, gravel paving lower surface, burned soil layer, SD 531                    Practice calligraphy, shaving, etc                  1440-1454

93) SD 531, dark gray sanely soil, SB 660B, SD 664B              Scroll axle, transverse writing, etc  Jodoji temple （浄土寺）, etc              1455-1459, 1463

94) Black-gray clayey soil               Document            Nikkoji temple （日向寺）                1464

95) SD 664B       Itemized list, large-scaled (not to scale)                     1460-1462

96) SD 664B       Itemized list, large-scaled                                           1460 front

97) SD 664B       Itemized list, large-scaled                                           1460 back

98) SD 664B       Itemized list, large-scaled               Transverse writing             1461 front

99) SD 664B       Itemized list, large-scaled               Transverse writing             1461 front

100) SD 664B     Itemized list, large-scaled               Transverse writing             1461 back

101) SD 664B     Itemized list, large-seated              Transverse writing             1461 back

102) SD 664B     Itemized list, large-scaled               Transverse writing             1462 front

103) SD 664B     Itemized list, large-scaled               Transverse writing             1462 back